Black Holes, Information and the String Theory Revolution_图书大全
Black Holes, Information and the String Theory Revolution
副标题: The Holographic Universe
ISBN: 9789812561312
出版社: World Scientific
出版年: 2004-12-23
页数: 200
定价: $19.00
装帧: Paperback
内容简介
An Introduction To Black Holes, Information And The String Theory Revolution: The Holographic Universe 对黑洞，信息与弦理论革命简介：全息宇宙
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中文参考译名:《对黑洞， 信息与弦理论革命简介：全息宇宙》
Authors:Leonard Susskind, James Lindesay
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
Keywords: revolution, holographic, universe, theory, string, black, holes, information, introduction
Number of Pages: 200
Published: 2004-12-23
List price: $19.00
ISBN-10: 9812561315
ISBN-13: 9789812561312
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书籍介绍(英文)
Over the last decade the physics of black holes has been revolutionized by developments that grew out of Jacob Bekenstein s realization that black holes have entropy. Stephen Hawking raised profound issues concerning the loss of information in black hole evaporation and the consistency of quantum mechanics in a world with gravity. For two decades these questions puzzled theoretical physicists and eventually led to a revolution in the way we think about space, time, matter and information. This revolution has culminated in a remarkable principle called The Holographic Principle , which is now a major focus of attention in gravitational research, quantum field theory and elementary particle physics. Leonard Susskind, one of the co-inventors of the Holographic Principle as well as one of the founders of String theory, develops and explains these concepts.
在过去的十年中，黑洞物理事态发展，已成长了雅各柏肯斯坦革命性的实现ASEAN黑洞具有熵。斯蒂芬霍金提出了与世界的深刻问题的严重性关于在黑洞蒸发的信息损失和量子力学的一致性。 20年来这些问题困扰的理论物理学家，并最终导致了革命的道路，我们认为关于空间，时间，物质和信息。这场革命已经在显着所谓的全息原理原则，这是现在在重力研究讨论的焦点，最终，量子场论和基本粒子物理学。伦纳德萨斯坎德，在共同发明的全息原理，以及对弦理论的奠基人之一，一发展，并解释了这些概念。
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* The Trouble With Physics: The Rise of String Theory, The Fall of a Science, and What Comes Next
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作者简介
李奥纳特·苏士侃（Leonard Susskind）是美国理论物理学家，美国斯坦福大学教授，弦论的创始人之一，他和其所领导的研究小组并提出宇宙的发展需要一外在的力量（agent）来参与而非自身发展的看法。
弦理论的雏形是在1968年由Gabriele Veneziano 发现。他原本是要找能描述原子核内的强作用力的数学公式，然后在一本老旧的数学书里找到了有200年之久的欧拉公式（Euler's Function），这公式能够成功的描述他所要求解的强作用力。然而进一步将这公式理解为一小段类似橡皮筋那样可扭曲抖动的有弹性的“线段”却是在不久后由Leonard Susskind(李奥纳特·苏士侃)所发现，这在日后则发展出“弦理论”。
Modern Physics: The Theoretical Minimum:
Classical Mechanics (Fall 2007)
Quantum Mechanics (Winter 2008)
Special Relativity (Spring 2008)
Einstein's General Theory of Relativity (Fall 2008)
Cosmology (Winter 2009)
Statistical Mechanics (Spring 2009)
Particle Physics: Basic Concepts (Fall 2009)
Particle Physics: Standard Model (Winter 2010)
Particle Physics: Supersymmetry, Grand Unification, String Theory (Spring 2010)
A separate series of lectures on Quantum Mechanics:
Fall 2006
Spring 2007
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Susskind
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目录
Contents
Preface vii
Part 1: Black Holes and Quantum Mechanics 1
1.T he Schwarzschild Black Hole 3
1.1 Schwarzschild Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Tortoise Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.3 Near Horizon Coordinates (Rindler space) . .. . .. .. .. 8
1.4 Kruskal–Szekeres Coordinates .. ... .. .. ... .. .. . 10
1.5 PenroseDiagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.6 Formation of a Black Hole . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 15
1.7 Fidos and Frefos and the Equivalence Principle .. .. .. . 21
2.S calar Wave Equation in a Schwarzschild Background 25
2.1 Near the Horizon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.Q uantum Fields in Rindler Space 31
3.1 Classical Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.2 Entanglement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.3 Review of the DensityMatrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.4 The Unruh DensityMatrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.5 Proper Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4.E ntropy of the Free Quantum Field in Rindler Space 43
4.1 Black Hole Evaporation .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 48
5.T hermodynamics of Black Holes 51
6.C harged Black Holes 55
7.The Stretched Horizon 61
8.T he Laws of Nature 69
8.1 Information Conservation .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 69
8.2 Entanglement Entropy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
8.3 Equivalence Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
8.4 QuantumXerox Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
9.T he Puzzle of Information Conservation in Black Hole
Environments 81
9.1 A BrickWall? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
9.2 Black Hole Complementarity .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 85
9.3 Baryon Number Violation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
10.Ho rizons and the UV/IR Connection 95
Part 2: Entropy Bounds and Holography 99
11.E ntropy Bounds 101
11.1 Maximum Entropy . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 101
11.2 Entropy on Light-like Surfaces ... .. .. ... .. .. . 105
11.3 Friedman–Robertson–Walker Geometry . .. . .. .. .. 110
11.4 Bousso’s Generalization .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. . 114
11.5 de Sitter Cosmology . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 119
11.6 Anti de Sitter Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
12.T he Holographic Principle and Anti de Sitter Space 127
12.1 The Holographic Principle .. ... .. .. ... .. .. . 127
12.2 AdS Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
12.3 Holography in AdS Space .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 130
12.4 The AdS/CFT Correspondence . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 133
12.5 The Infrared Ultraviolet Connection .. .. ... .. .. . 135
12.6 Counting Degrees of Freedom ... .. .. ... .. .. . 138
13.Bl ack Holes in a Box 141
13.1 The Horizon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
13.2 Information and the AdS Black Hole .. .. . .. .. .. 144
Part 3: Black Holes and Strings 149
14.S trings 151
14.1 Light Cone Quantum Mechanics . .. .. .. . .. .. .. 153
14.2 Light Cone String Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
14.3 Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
14.4 Longitudinal Motion . .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. . 161
15.En tropy of Strings and Black Holes 165
Conclusions 175
Bibliography 179
Index 181
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